Scientists reset the conditions that cause complex exercise

Original version one This story appeared How many magazines.

Away from being a solo operator, most cellular germs are in complex relationships. They can in the ocean, in the ground and intestine, battle and each other, and exchange Dnafeed for food items or feed with each other side-by-side products. Sometimes they become even more intimate: one squeak Slipping to someone else and can be comforted. If the conditions are true, it can be welcomed by generations or billions of years. This phenomenon of another cell called Endosymbiosis burned the evolution of complex life.

Examples of endosymbiosis are everywhere. Mitochondria, energy factories in your cells, Once upon a time there was a lifting bacteria. Photosynthetic plants, first sink in chloroplast sugars, which are an independent organism. Many insects receive important nutrients from bacteria living in. And researchers last year Discovered in Nitroplown An endosynmbiont that helps the nitrogen of some algae.

Thus, most of life rely on endocimbiotic relations, but scientists struggled to understand how they took place. How does an internal cell digest? How do you learn to reproduce inside the host? The random combination of the two independent organisms is a stable, steady partnership?

Now the first time researchers followed the opening choreography of this microscopic dance Endosymbiosis in the laboratory is frustrated. After entering a fungus of bacteria – a process that solves the creative problem (and bicycle pump) – researchers managed to strengthen cooperation without bacteria or host. Their observations give an opinion on the conditions that make the same thing possible in the microbial wild.

The cells are even faster than expected to each other. “I mean, which means that the organisms are actually wanting to live together and the symbiosis is the norm,” he said Vasilis in KokkorIn Amsterdam, the University of Vu did not participate in the new study and participated in the new study. “So this is great for me, great news and for this world.”

The early attempts in short reveals that most mobile love works fail. However, when the Endosymombions, when the Endosymbons recognize how the organisms are and when the Endosymbons can better understand the main points in the evolution and develop synthetic cells associated with super powerful endosymbants.

The progress of the cell wall

Julia VorholtThe Swiss Institute of Federal Technology Technologies continues to last long with the conditions of the Endosymbiosis at the Institute of Federal Technology in Switzerland. Researchers in the field once knew that a host of bacteria entered a cell, and the tereters of relations between infection and harmony. If the bacterium reproduces the homeowner’s resources and causes an immune reaction, resulting in the death of the guest or both deaths. If it is very slowly, he will not build itself in the cell. They only rarely thought, bacteria reaches a golddilocks reproductive degree. Then, to be a real endosynmbiont, you should leak the reproductive period of the hostility to go for a walk. Finally, the host genome In the end, he must mutate to place bacteria – allowing the two to develop the unit.

“They depend on each other,” said Vorholt.