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Even before the last war between Israel and Hamas, Gaza had one of the highest unemployment rates in the world. Many people lived under the poverty line and depended on food aid to survive.
Gaza’s limits were developed as a result of the Middle East War of 1948, when it was occupied by Egypt.
Egypt was expelled from Gaza in the 1967 war and the strip was occupied by Israel, which built settlements and placed the Palestinian population of Gaza under military domain.
In 2005, Israel unilaterally withdrew his troops and colonists from Gaza, although he retained control of his shared border, airspace and coast, which gave him effective control of the movement of people and goods.
The UN still considers Gaza as territory occupied by Israelí due to the level of control that Israel has.
Hamas won the Palestinian elections in 2006 and expelled his rivals from the territory after intense fights the following year.
Israel and Egypt imposed a blockade in response, with Israel controlling most of what was allowed to the territory.
In the years that followed, Hamas and Israel fought several important conflicts, including those of 2008-09, 2012 and 2014. An important conflict between the two parts in May 2021 ended in a high fire after 11 days.
Each round of fighting has seen people killed on both sides, the vast majority of them Palestinians in Gaza.
On October 7, 2023, Hamas fighters launched an assault from Gaza, killing about 1,200 people in Israel and taking more than 250 hostages.